Scoliosis: An Introduction
When the body is seen from behind, a normal spine looks straight without much deviation from side-to-side. Therefore, if the spine is observed to have a lateral, or side-to-side, curvature, the individual might have a condition called scoliosis.This affliction frequently gives the appearance of the person leaning to one side although it should not be confused with unsatisfactory posture. Scoliosis is a puzzling deformity that is characterized by both lateral curvature and rotation of the vertebra often causing a symptomatic “rib hump” in the mid or thoracic spine. This is created by the vertebrae in the zone of the major curve rotating toward the concavity and pushing their attached ribs posterior thus creating the distinctive rib hump seen in thoracic scoliosis. If the thoracic curve and rib rotation are severe, greater than 70 degrees, pulmonary and cardiac function can be interfered with. Frequently later in life in untreated severe idiopathic infantile and juvenile scoliosis patients, this amount of curve and resulting cardiac and pulmonary changes can be life threatening.
Anatomy
If you were to observe the trunk from a side view, the spine would disclose four normal curves: the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral. The thoracic, in the chest area, has a normal round curve, “reversed C,” called a kyphosis, while in the lower spine there is a healthy “C” curve, known as swayback or lordosis. Hyperlordosis is the term used to describe increased swayback, while increased kyphosis in the thoracic spine is called hyperkyphosis. Changes from normal that are visible from a side view generally accompany scoliosis changes. Postural exercises can correct some round back deformities that are simply due to poor posture. A small number of patients with kyphosis have more rigid deformities than the postural type, which are coincidental with vertebral deformity. This type of deformity, called Scheuermann’s kyphosis, is much more difficult to treat than postural kyphosis, and it’s cause is unknown.
Even a nonprofessional can help to identify a child or adult with scoliosis simply by observing the person in a standing position, preferably bare-chested and in shorts, and observing the following:
- One shoulder may be higher than the other.
- One scapula (shoulder blade) may be higher or more prominent than the other.
- There may be more space between the arm and the body on one side when the arms hang loosely at the side.
- One hip may seem to be more elevated or more prominent than the other.
- The head is not aligned with the pelvis.
- One side of the back appears more elevated than the other when the individual is observed from the rear and asked to flex forward until the the spine is horizontal.
Once scoliosis is detected, the child or adult should be sent to a healthcare professional, such as a chiropractor, for further assessment. your chiropractor would be happy to help.
There are many different roots and many types of scoliosis, however the most prevalent, by far, is Idiopathic Scoliosis, which accounts for approximately 85 % of all cases. “Idiopathic” means “no known cause” and is witnessed with equal occurrence in boys and girls in the mild or low curve magnitudes. This affliction can be sub-classified into infantile, juvenile and adolescent types, based upon the age of onset. Idiopathic Scoliosis may be due to genetic or hereditary influences as it commonly runs in families. However girls, for unknown reasons are five to eight times more likely than boys to have their curves grow in size and require treatment. As the term “Idiopathic Scoliosis” suggests, this kind of scoliosis usually happens when children are finishing their last major growth spurt. It is a good idea to have this age group examined by a professional on a regular basis because young people are reluctant to allow their body to be viewed by parents or other adults.
If a scoliotic curve is discovered in the growing adolescent, it is vital that the curves be monitored for change by periodic examination and from time to time standing X-rays. In ninety percent of cases, the scoliosis is mild and does not require active treatment, but increases in spinal deformity demand evaluation to decide if a brace or other treatment is required. In a small number of patients, surgical treatment may be necessary.~Surgery may be required for a small number of people.
Brace support (orthosis) is recommended for both juvenile and adolescent children when an increase in their scoliosis or kyphosis is identified, or when new symptoms of moderate scoliosis or abnormal kyphosis are diagnosed. There are quite a few styles of braces, all designed to prevent curves from increasing by acting as a buttress for the spine during active skeletal growth. Braces normally will not make the spine completely straight, and cannot always keep a curve from increasing. However, bracing is effectual in stopping curve progression in a significant portion of skeletally-immature adolescents.
Scoliosis has no simple solution. The majority of cases, even though frequently monitored, are not actively treated. Severe conditions are infrequently treated surgically, but the common medical treatment for moderate cases is a brace. You may want to see your local chiropractor first.
Specialized exercise, electric stimulation of spinal muscles, nutritional programs, and chiropractic treatments are among the complementary modalities used in addition to bracing. It appears that the most effective results have been sustained with a multi-faceted approach to the management of this affliction.
There are chiropractors, that have excellent success managing scoliosis symptoms.